What is flash flood
A flood that occurs suddenly without any reason is called a
flash flood. A flash flood is a rapid flooding of low-lying
areas: washes, rivers, dry lakes and depressions. It may be caused by heavy
rain associated with a severe thunderstorm, hurricane, or tropical storm, or by
meltwater from ice or snow flowing over ice sheets or snowfields.
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What happens in a flash flood?
Flash floods occur within a few minutes or hours of
excessive rainfall, a dam or levee failure, or a sudden release of water held
by an ice jam. Flash floods can roll boulders, tear out trees, destroy
buildings and bridges, and scour out new channels.
How fast is a flash flood?
Flash floods don't just happen quickly, they can also move
quickly. It's these fast-moving currents of water that pose great danger to people
and property. There's a lot of power in moving water. Flash floods can easily
move at 9 feet per second, and that flow is strong enough to move a 100-lb
rock.
How to prevent flash flood?
Install "check valves" in sewer traps to prevent
flood water back ups. Construct interior barriers to stop low level floodwater
from entering basements. Seal walls in basements with waterproofing compounds
to avoid seepage. Remove inventory or important papers and possessions from the
basement
What is called flash flood?
Flash flood: A flood caused by heavy or excessive
rainfall in a short period of time, generally less than 6 hours. Flash floods are usually characterized by raging
torrents after heavy rains that rip through river beds, urban streets, or
mountain canyons sweeping everything before them.
What are the main effects of a flash flood?
Immediate Property Damage. In addition to the force of the
water, flash floods can carry large debris such as boulders. This combination
can cause heavy structural damage to homes making them uninhabitable and can
carry away large pieces of property such as vehicles.
Why flash flood?
Flash Floods can be caused by a number of things, but is
most often due to extremely heavy rainfall from thunderstorms. Flash
Floods can occur due to Dam or Levee Breaks, and/or Mudslides (Debris Flow).
Causes of Floods
· Massive Rainfall. Drainage systems and the effective infrastructure design aid during heavy rains.
· Overflowing of the Rivers.
· Collapsed Dams.
· Snowmelt.
· Deforestation.
· Climate change.
· Emission of Greenhouse Gases.
· Other Factors.
Seven Tips for Surviving a Flood
1. Pay Close Attention
to Flood Warnings and Alerts.
2. Grab a Disaster
Preparedness Kit and Get Out.
3. Stay Out of the
Basement.
4. Avoid Traveling
Through Flood Waters.
5. Monitor the
Changing Situation.
6. After the Waters
Recede, Avoid Electrocution.
How do floods affect humans?
Flooding can cause
physical injury, illness and loss of life. Deep, fast flowing or rapidly
rising flood waters can be particularly dangerous. For example, even shallow
water flowing at 2 metres per second (m/sec) can knock children and many adults
off their feet.
Flood mitigation measures
1. Infrastructure, including dams, levees, bridges and culverts.
2. Maintenance of existing infrastructure.
3. Individual flood proofing measures.
4. Improved traffic access
5. Property surveys.
6. Land use planning controls.
7. Building and development controls.
8. Catchment flood
modelling.
other information
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